Dialysis of the abdomen

Dialysis of the abdomen
Dialysis is a way to clean the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to do so. Dialysis helps the body get rid of waste, extra water, and salt. It also helps keep the blood pressure in check. Based on Mehrotra et al. (2016), peritoneal dialysis is a type of dialysis used to treat end-stage kidney failure. The lining of a person’s belly (peritoneum) works as a natural filter. Dialysate is a cleansing fluid that is pumped in and out of the belly in rounds to remove waste from the body. A few weeks before peritoneal dialysis, a doctor will use surgery to put a tube in the stomach. When the treatment starts, a bag of dialysate is put through the belly. After the filtering process is done, the fluid leaves the body through the tube. The extra fluid and salt in the body are taken out by the dialysis solution. (Mehrotra et al., 2016) say that there are two types of peritoneal dialysis: continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and automatic peritoneal dialysis. This paper will talk about how a nurse can help a patient deal with their illness and improve their ability to take care of themselves. It will also talk about peritoneal dialysis self-care, sadness, and body image.

Research shows that encouraging self-management makes peritoneal dialysis patients healthier because they take care of 90% or more of their own care (Manera et al., 2019). Self-management is the term for the things that a patient does to take care of his or her illness and its treatment. To keep from getting sick, the patient must take care of the entry area and catheter. Manera et al. (2019) say that patients need to make sure they keep up with their care, which is a key part of their safety and treatment. Patients should make and keep all their meetings and call their doctor or nurse if anything goes wrong. Also, they should know the results of their tests and keep track of the drugs they take.

Manera et al. (2019) said that the nurse’s job is to teach the patient how to take care of themselves and their health. The information should help people take care of themselves and learn more about peritoneal cancer. Even at home, the patient should take care of the access and catheter. They should keep the area around the bandage clean and dry, and change the bandage if it gets dirty or messy. The place where people go in and out should be dry, clean, and checked every day for signs of infection. Before touching the tube, the person should wash their hands. The patient shouldn’t put clamps on the catheter that haven’t been cleared, and they should never use sharp objects or scissors near the catheter. The nurse should tell the person not to lift big things and not to swim or take a bath unless the doctor or nurse says it’s okay. The nurse should tell the patient when they should call for help or go to the hospital right away. For example, if the patient sees signs of an infection, such as more swelling, pain, warmth, or redness, they should see a doctor. Some other signs are. Red spots, pus coming out of the cut, and a fever. The nurse should give the patients the tools they need to take care of themselves. This will make the patients feel like they have control over their bodies again, which will help them deal with their illness.

(Manera et al., 2017) have found that depression is a separate risk factor for death in peritoneal dialysis patients. Depression has been a common psychiatric problem in peritoneal dialysis users, which makes it hard for them to get around and do things. Their commitment to the treatment plan also drops by a lot. To keep the patient from getting depressed, the nurse should choose the best renal replacement therapy for his or her lifestyle and attitude. The way the nurses act and think can affect how well the patient copes and adjusts. The people who worry the most about why they are in the hospital, how they will be treated, and what will happen to them need the most psychological care. So it is important for the nurses to take care of both the patients’ physical needs and their mental needs. The nurses should get the patients together to talk about facts in groups. The groups will help with reassurance, training, and support, and they will encourage patients to take an active role in their treatment. Patients can also ask questions.

Manera et al. (2017) say that the dialysis access treatment can also have an effect on how a person feels about their body. This can hurt the patient’s sense of self-worth and sexual beauty and desirability, which can make it hard for them to keep or make new relationships. The tube for peritoneal dialysis can make the body look bad. Because the dialysate has a lot of sugar, the stomach looks round and the person gains weight, which some people may not like. Manera et al. (2017) say that renal nurses play a key part in preparing and educating patients about changes in their body image after being told they have end-stage renal disease. The nurses should find and get permission from people on renal replacement therapy to take part in educational events. The kidney nurses can help their clients come to terms with their body image by giving them space and the chance to talk about why they may feel different or like they need to be apart from the people who care about them the most.

References

Manera, K. E., Johnson, D. W., Craig, J. C., Shen, J. I., Ruiz, L., Wang, A. Y. M., … & Tong, A. (2019). Patient and caregiver priorities for outcomes in peritoneal dialysis: multinational nominal group technique study. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 14(1), 74-83. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.05380518

Manera, K. E., Tong, A., Craig, J. C., Brown, E. A., Brunier, G., Dong, J., … & Johnson, D. W. (2017). Standardized outcomes in Nephrology—Peritoneal dialysis (SONG-PD): study protocol for establishing a core outcome set in PD. Peritoneal Dialysis International, 37(6), 639-647. Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.3747/pdi.2017.00022

Mehrotra, R., Devuyst, O., Davies, S. J., & Johnson, D. W. (2016). The current state of peritoneal dialysis. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 27(11), 3238-3252. https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2016010112

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