Models bring about a point of view on nursing and direct nursing practice. The Neuman
system model provides the nurse with the theoretical framework that further enhance the
provision of holistic care to the patients. According to (Turner & Kaylor, 2015), this model gives
the nurse with an understanding of the comprehensive assessment of patients in various settings.
Neuman systems model is based on the environmental factors protection that has a close
correlation with the systems of human health. The systems involved are oriented to the state of
wellness.
This paper discusses Neuman’s system model and its application in the care of patients
with schizophrenia.
Neuman's system model gives a nurse with a broader point of view on the various ways
in which the schizophrenia impacts the health care providers. Besides, it provides nurses bright
ideas in planning and applying the interventions identify to enhance the coping of the health care
provider who is in charge of the schizophrenic patient’s care. In this model, the patient is
considered as the system, and the system is made up of several lower segments that interrelated
to each other (Demir & Platin, 2017). The sections in the system have a mutual interaction with
the environment that is surrounding the patient. Furthermore, the system of a patient could be
made up of the individual, family and the community at large. The patient who is always the
system receives holistic care which entails the spiritual, socio-cultural, physical, developmental
and psychological variables.
The model is made up of the lines of defence which include the flexible, normal and the
resistances lines of defence. The lines of defence are further made up of the environmental and
individual factors which include the developmental, physical, spiritual, socio-cultural and
psychological variables. According to (Ahmadi & Sadeghi, 2017) Neuman states that the
stressors are potential warnings that initiate stress in the human body, thus causing the system
imbalance.
Every individual primarily the health care providers, including the nurses, are exposed to
stressors, which can easily disrupt their body system. When stressors interrupt with the body
system, the body responds through its defence mechanism to avoid the disruption of the central
source of energy in the system (Ahmadi & Sadeghi, 2017). When the defence mechanism of the
body is defeated, then the individual develops physical illnesses, social and emotional crisis. The
model is more concern with the variables that affect an individual's response to the stresses.
Therefore the role of a nurse is to enhance the stability of the individual or patient's system.
There is a great need of having a collaboration between the patient and the health care
provider of the patient because it helps in identifying the perception of both throughout the
process of care. The process entails the nursing diagnosis, goals and outcome. (Lowry &
Aylward, 2015) Argues that there are three levels of intervention in the care of the patient, which
include the primary interventions, secondary and tertiary prevention. In primary prevention, the
intervention is implemented before the client is affected by the stressors. It helps in preventing
the client from getting in contact with the stressors. Secondary prevention, on the other hand,
helps in readjusting the patient who is already stress and has instability of the system to get back
to the optimal client system stability. It occurs after the client has reacted on the stressors. Lastly,
tertiary prevention happens after the stressed patient have undergone through the treatment phase
and the secondary prevention and have readjusted to the optimal system stability. It initiates
further stability of the client system to wellness.
Neuman’s system model 3
In conclusion, when a patient is aware of their source of stress and their stressors, the
chances of getting back to optimal system stability are very high. Variables that are of great
concern in Neuman’s system model are socio-cultural, developmental, psychological, physical
and spiritual variables.
Neuman’s system model 4
References
Ahmadi, Z., & Sadeghi, T. (2017). Application of the Betty Neuman systems model in the
nursing care of patients/clients with multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis
Journal–Experimental, Translational and Clinical, 3(3), 2055217317726798.
Demir, G., & Platin, N., (2017). Impact of Neuman Systems Model in reducing care burden
primary caregivers of patients with dementia. International Journal of Caring Sciences,
10(1), 393.
Lowry, L. W., & Aylward, P. D., (2015). Betty Neuman's systems model. Nursing theories &
nursing practice, 165-184.
Turner, S. B., & Kaylor, S. D., (2015). Neuman systems model as a conceptual framework for
nurse resilience. Nursing science quarterly, 28(3), 213-217.
