Pulmonary Functioning Testing
Among the many respiratory diseases burdening the healthcare sector is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. The disease accounts for the most cases of mortality and morbidity globally. People with COPD commonly present with: difficulty in breathing, shortness of breath and chest tightness, chronic productive cough and wheezing sound as they breathe on top of recurrent lower respiratory infections. Unintended wasting can be experienced in later stages. The symptoms are related to obstruction of the airway caused as a result of an inflammatory response to stimuli (Han et al., 2017). Statistics indicate that larger percentage of people suffering from this condition have a history of tobacco smoking.
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COPD diagnosis
Comprehensive medical history of a person presenting with symptoms like dyspnea, chronic coughing and production of sputum is essential. This symptoms are suggestive of COPD. In most instances, medical history indicates mid-life onset of the suggestive features, slow progression of symptoms and history of exposure to risk factors, smoking being the main.
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Management
COPD is treatable with early diagnosis. Management strategies depend on the individual assessment findings and future risk of exacerbation…
Prevention strategies
Avoidance of exposure to risk factors especially smoking and chemical fumes and dust that can trigger inflammatory reactions along the respiratory system (Andreas, 2014)…
Case study
The patient is a 65-year-old patient. He presented with progressive productive cough especially in the morning when cold, and difficulty in breathing which worsens with activity. He worked with a chalk industry for 10 years starting late 20s, no history of smoking. No history of a chronic respiratory disease in the family.
Treatment and management
The following drugs were administered to him:
Bronchodilator: salbutamol tablets 4mg three times a day. In addition was salbutamol inhaler in case of the worsening of the breathing difficulty. he uses 2 puffs per session.
Corticosteroid: prednisolone 5mg three times a day.
Antibiotics: Amoxil 500mg three times a day
On top of drugs, the patient was encouraged to engage in exercises like walking and take a lot of water to help in loosening the secretions hence excreted easily. The patient ought also to avoid cold which will exacerbate the condition. On nutrition, the patient was advised to eat healthily to avoid wasting.
References
Andreas, S., Batra, A., Behr, J., Chenot, J. F., Gillissen, A., Hering, T., … & Nowak, D. (2014).
Smoking cessation in patients with COPD. Pneumologie (Stuttgart, Germany), 68(4),
237-258.
Casas, F., Blanco, I., Martínez, M. T., Bustamante, A., Miravitlles, M., Cadenas, S., … & Torres,
- (2015). Indications for active case searches and intravenous alpha-1 antitrypsin
treatment for patients with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency chronic pulmonary obstructive
disease: an update. Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition), 51(4), 185-192.
Cooper, C. B., & Barjaktarevic, I. (2015). A new algorithm for the management of COPD. The
Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 3(4), 266-268.
Han, M. K., Dransfield, M. T., Martinez, F. J., Stoller, J. K., & Hollingsworth, H. (2017).
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: definition, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and
staging.
Kakarla, B., Boddula, R. P., & Gongati, P. (2016). Relation between body mass index, forced
expiratory volume in one second and 6 minute walk test in stable COPD
patients. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 4(12), 5144-5148.
