How to Cite a Research Paper: Complete Guide

How to Reference a Research Paper: Detailed Guide

Table of Contents

Looking for the finest citation advice for a research paper?In this article, we’ve got your back. Throughout your academic career, you must properly cite all research papers you compose. Publications such as journals and conferences must adhere to stringent format requirements.

All students and aspiring researchers must know how to properly cite a research paper and other college essays. These citations help your professors and audience readily establish the context and significance of your research. Properly citing sources in your paper has a substantial impact on your ultimate grade. Learn more about how to write citations using various referencing styles.

What is a manner of citation?

Academically speaking, the ability to cite sources is an essential skill. When referencing another author’s work in your research paper, you must properly cite the source to avoid plagiarizing. You can receive credit for using data from journal articles or ideas from other authors without properly citing them in your research paper.

Citations are advantageous for various reasons, including providing stronger evidence of your work and giving proper acknowledgment to the author. The citation format is essential because it helps students and researchers format their papers consistently. Citations aid in substantiating what you have read, where you obtained your information, and when the authors mentioned in the articles published their data.

Using citations helps you avoid plagiarism by enhancing the credibility of your paper. It is essential to consult your instructor regarding the citation format for the research paper. The appropriate citation style for your research paper is determined by the discipline in which it will be written.

Citations ensure credibility and allow you to avoid plagiarizing others’ work. When using citations, it is essential to recollect the information contained within them. The order of the citations may vary depending on the citation format used.

Excellent citation guidelines for various types of research papers

Here are some fundamental professional citation guidelines to consider for your research paper:

Comprehend your instructor’s instructions.
Utilize correct citation format.
If applicable, use quotation marks.
Double-check your citations.
Consider and comprehend the recommended citation format.
Separate numerous author names with a comma.

The section that follows illustrates how to cite your research paper in various formats.

What are the various techniques of referencing for citations?

Whenever composing a research paper, it is essential to cite your sources. There are six main styles of citation employed in academic papers:

MLA citation within the text (Modern Language Association)
APA format (American Psychological Association) citations
The Chicago-style format
Harvard-style format
ASA Style (American Sociological Association) Citation
IEEE style (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) citations

All formats of citation include the same information. Only the formatting of your citations differs based on your chosen style, such as APA, MLA, Chicago, or any other style.

APA format investigation paper

In psychology and social science essays, the APA format for research papers is frequently employed. There is a standard format for referencing in this style, including endnotes/footnotes, in-text citations, and reference pages. When composing academic papers using the APA citation style, standard writing rules apply.

This format requires essays to be double-spaced on standard-sized (8.5″ x 11″) paper with 1″ margins on all sides. Utilize a font that is legible and concise. The APA writing style suggests using 12 point font.Times New Roman typeface.To create a page header, construct page numbers on the right side of the paper.

Type the title of your paper in all capital letters in the header at the left margin. The page header is a concise summary of the title of your paper that cannot exceed 50 characters, including spaces and punctuation. Regarding how to write a nursing research paper in APA format, your paper should be divided into four main sections: introduction, body, and conclusion.

Cover page
Abstract
Main organs
References
How to reference a research paper in APA style

When citing a research paper in APA format, there are specific guidelines to observe. The formats to be followed should include the following sections:

Book

Name of the author, Acronyms A.A… (Year of Publication). The name of the piece. City and State of the publisher.

Example

Canada’s Health Canada. (2018). The Marketed Health Products Directorate is examined in detail. Simon & Schuster, New York, New York.

Magazine

(Year, Month of Publication) Author, A.A. Article title. Magazine Title, Volume(Issue), pp.-pp.

Example

Tumulty, K. (2006, April). Should they stay or must they depart? Time, 167(15), 3-40.

Newspaper

Author, A.A…. (Year, Month, Publication Date). Article title. Magazine Title, pp. xx-xx.

Example

Rosenberg, G. (1997, March 31). Electronic discovery is an effective legal instrument. Times, New York, p. D5.

Website

Author, A.A…. (Year, Month, Publication Date). Article title. Obtainable from URL

Example:

B. Simmons. (9 January 2015). A tale involving two Flaccos. Retrieved from {link}

This format is used to identify related literary works and to provide a list of references. You are not required to include personal or intellectual information. Regarding education, for instance, no citations are required on a resume. Before composing any other academic work, you should conduct extensive research and study different citation formats.

MLA format research report

The MLA format is extensively utilized in the liberal arts and humanities disciplines. This format is based on concepts rather than strict, must-follow rules. Documentation is implemented in MLA-style documents. Let’s go over the MLA format for citing a research paper.

MLA requires that you use Times New Roman in size 12 font. The entire essay should be double-spaced, with 1-inch margins on all four sides. To indent paragraphs by 12 inches, press tab once. Include your last name and page number in the upper right corner of the first page.

How to cite a research paper using the MLA style

When citing a research paper, use the following MLA citation formats:

Book

Author’s surname and given name. Author’s Name. Publisher City: Publisher Name: Publication Year. Medium.

Example

The name Smith is John. The Exemplary Book. Pittsburgh: BibMe, 2008. Print.

Magazine

Last Name, First Name. “Article Title.” Publication Name and Date: Page Numbers. Medium.

Example

Total high-quality service: principles, practices, and implementation, by Dean H. Stamatis. 2018 Routledge edition.

Newspaper

Last Name, First Name. Newspaper Title, Publication Date, Page Numbers, “Article Title.” Medium.

Example

The name Smith is John. The Steelers won Super Bowl XLIII, according to the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette on February 2, 2009: 4-6. Print.

Website

Last Name, First Name. Website Title is “Page Title.” Institution/Publisher Sponsor. Date of Publication: Page Numbers. Medium.

Example

The name Smith is John. CNN.com, Cable News Network, 21 January 2009. ” Obama was sworn in as President.” Web. 1. february 2009.

Research paper formatted in Chicago

The Chicago citation format is commonly used in the humanities. Authors are required to cite sources in endnotes or footnotes. This citation enables you to convey responsibility and credibility for relevant literature and references used in written work. It is commonly used for book bibliographies and facilitates the inclusion of quotations in research papers.

How to format a research paper using the Chicago method

When writing in Chicago-style formats, the following procedures should be followed:

Book

Author’s surname and given name. The title of the book. Publisher City: Publisher Name: Publication Year.

Example

Total quality service: principles, practices, and implementation, by Dean H. Stamatis. 2018 Routledge edition.

Magazine

Last Name, First Name. Article title. Title of the Periodical, Month and Year of Publication.

Example

Chan, Dan. The aesthetic of pandas. Panda Magazine, Nov 10, 1985.

Newspaper

Last Name, First Name. “Article Title.” Name of the Newspaper, Date of Publication.

Example

The name Smith is John. The Steelers win Super Bowl XLIII, according to the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette on February 2, 2009.

Website

Last Name, First Name. Website Title is “Page Title.” URL (retrieved on Date Accessed).

Example

The name Smith is John. “Obama is inaugurated as president.” link> (1 February 2009).

ASA format for a research paper citation

The Sociological Association devised the preeminent American referencing and citation system. When composing sociology research papers for universities or submitting articles to ASA journals, sociology students and scholars primarily use the ASA format for citations.

Consult the official website of the American Sociological Association for more information on ASA writing format elements, or consult our guide on citing a research paper in ASA format, which is presented below.

How do you cite a research paper utilizing ASA style?
Book

Author’s surname and given name. The publication’s year of release. Title. Publisher’s home country: publisher.

Example

His name is Henry James. 2003. The Adjustment of the Screw. New York: Barnes and Noble.

E-Books

Author’s surname and given name. The publication’s year of release. Title. Publisher’s home country: publisher. Month Day, Year Retrieved Month Day, Year link>.

Example

His name is Henry James. 2003. The Adjustment of the Screw. New York: Penguin Books for Kindle. Obtainable on January 18, 2017. {link}

Article from a journal

Author’s surname and given name. The publication’s year of release. “Title,” Journal Name issue number, with page numbers included.

Example

Fees, Bo. 2008. National Geographic #182, “Chasing Tree Frogs.” 6-10

Magazine article

Author’s surname and given name. Year of Publication. “Title.” Periodical Title, Month Year, pages. Incorporating page numbers.

Example

The name Rachel Geary. 2012. New York Times, April 2002, “The Problem with Mastery Learning.” Pp. 15-23.

Website

Author’s surname and given name. The date of publication. Title. Publisher. Month Day, Year Retrieved Month Day, Year link>.

Example

The name Bruce Lee. 03.09.2004. The origin of a nation. Retrieved 18.01.2017.

The IEEE form of citation

The acronym IEEE refers to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. This style, which is governed by a specialized organization for various technical industries, is predominantly used in research papers in the fields of electronics, engineering, computer science, and telecommunications.

When using this format, in-text citations are enclosed in brackets with numbers that refer to complete references.

How to format a citation for a research paper in IEEE format

A appropriate IEEE format must contain the following components:

Top – 19mm (0.75″)
Bottom – 43mm (1.69″)
Left and right – 14.32mm (0.56 inches)

The content font should be Times New Roman and 10 points in size. The first sentence of each paragraph should be italicized, and there should be a single space between sentences. Below is a comprehensive guide for citing various sources in IEEE format.

For texts
K. The author, “Title of the chapter in the book,” in His Published Book, tenth edition. The City of Publisher (only State in the United States), Country: Abbrev. Publisher, year, chapter. x, sec. x, pp. xxx–xxx.

Example

Linear Networks and Systems by K. Chen. 2003, Belmont, California: WadsworthPress.
Regarding conference presentation
K. Author, “Title of paper,” presented at the Abbreviated Name of Conf., Conf. city, Abbrev. State, Nation, Month and day(s), year, Document number.

Example

Caratelli, M. C. Viganó, G. Toso, and P. Angeletti, “Analytical sparse element location method,” presented at the 32nd ESA Antenna Workshop in Noordwijk, Netherlands, on October 5, 2010.
For publications
K. Author, “Title of the paper” Title of Periodical, vol. x, no. x, pp. xxx-xxx, Abbrev. Month and year.

Example

Ito et al., “The use of amorphous oxide TFTs in electrophoretic displays,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. Non-Cryst. Solids, vol. 354, no. 19, pp. 2777–2782, Fp. 2008.
For software guidebooks

x edition of Name of Manual/Handbook. (year). Accessible on: Date. [Online]. Available: http://www.url.com

Example

K. Author (or Abbreviated Company Name, Company City, Abbreviated State, Country).
Why is it essential to include citations in a research paper?

The primary reason for properly citing your sources is to avoid intellectual dishonesty. It is unethical to express the ideas of other scholars without appropriate attribution. Although this is not the highest ethical standard, it is fundamental civility.

This is because you have a strong sense of ownership over your physical characteristics, intellectual responsibilities, and achievements. As a student, you may have a strong desire to comprehend the origins of your research and the evolution of your ideas.

As a student, you are required to use a free plagiarism-checking application. Even if you have paraphrased an idea taken from a source, you must cite it correctly. It is essential to properly cite a source so that the appropriate authors receive credit for their work. It is also crucial to the overall process and consumption of research journals for the following reasons:

1. To prevent plagiarism

Citations enable authors to appropriately quote the work of others. It will aid you in identifying where you obtained your information.

2. The respect due to intellectual property rights

Your research may have uncovered pertinent information that is legally protected by intellectual property rights. Examples include trademarks, patents, industrial information, and geographical indications. Films and architectural elements are examples of entertaining creative works.

3. To provide relevant evidence

Citing research and data appropriately enables you to provide evidence for crucial aspects of your paper. This is especially crucial when contending for a specific position.

4. To provide details about source documents

Citations aid authors in verifying data and even the logic of an argument. It also aids in directing your audience to sources where they can find additional information regarding the referenced point and the discussion topic.

Placing a work in its proper context enables professors and other authors to assess its potential impact on its field with greater accuracy. Multiple sections and disciplines within the field of research require data. In addition, they have different formats and criteria for what constitutes appropriate referencing.

Citation rules vary based on the type of source you cite in your research paper. As a writer, you must use the common elements of the majority of citation styles. Included among these sources are research papers, technical reports, books, patents, court cases, conference journals, webinars, YouTube videos, and social media posts.

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How to Cite a Research Paper: Complete Guide

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